Having a FICO score and knowing what it is is essential to managing your finances. The is the number that every credit bureau will use to determine if you have good or bad credit and they will assign you a credit score. The system used to find this number is very in depth and can be quite confusing but if you know how it all works, it can also be used very much to your advantage. Knowing how the FICO system works is the key to keeping you credit above par.

Before anything, you need to know the basics of the FICO system. The first place to start is understanding the FICO ladder. A FICO score is somewhere between 300 and 850. Didn’t know that? You should. If you didn’t, that’s okay, because after today, you will know a lot more than most people do about FICO scores. The best spot to be is somewhere between 720 and 850. This is wonderful. Again, if you’re not in this range, it’s okay, anything above 675 is still good. If it’s below that, then… you can worry a little. But just a little because there are still ways to bring it up. The lowest score is 300 and if this looks like yours then you are in trouble, you should worry, and I cannot help you.

This FICO score is compiled by many different factors. 35% of your credit has to do with your punctuality of making your payments. Any payment that is more than 30 days late is reported to the credit bureaus and a lower score is the result. 30% of the FICO score is dependent upon your total debt. This means the ratio of your revolving debt. Still confused? Revolving debt is a credit card. Debt that is always available in a certain range. The ratio is how much debt you still have in comparison to the limit on that line of credit.

15% of the FICO score is based on how long you have had credit. Not only credit in general, but also a particular line of credit. If you have a car payment and have made regular payments for the last three years, this is actually better than paying it all off in cash. At least for your credit score. There is a point of diminishing return though so this isn’t always the smartest move.

Lastly, there are a few things to go over that can adversely affect your credit score that we have not yet talked about. if you have a bankruptcy, owe monies to a court judgment or tax lien, all of these can hurt your overall credit score very significantly. The number of credit lines you have open is also important. If you open a fifth line of credit to increase your debt/credit ratio, you are likely doing more harm that good. be watchful also of the number of times you pull you score. Each time you pull it, it counts against you as a credit inquiry. Some hurt worse than others but just be careful.